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Gravitational Effect on the Cell in Biofluid Suspension
CC BY 4.0 · Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2024; 45(S 01): S1-S16
DOI: DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788204
*Corresponding author: (e-mail: rr.sarkar@ncl.res.in).
Background: Human spaceflight has grown in popularity. Long-term stay in International Space Station induces physiological changes such as biofluid redistribution, cell count decrease, and cell inactivation. Immune and RBC flowing through hematic or lymphatic streams (biofluid) get affected, causing severe worry for future space missions. This study quantifies gravity’s effect on biofluid-suspended cells.
Materials and Methods: Biofluid and the cell are modeled using a mesoscale technique called dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). RBC with the fluid is simulated for 25 seconds. An external pressure gradient is applied along the x-axis, and the gravity is varied from 0g to 2g along the y-axis during the parametric sweep.
Results: RBCs transition from the usual biconcave shape to various configurations, depending upon its location within the given domain. Upon application of gravity, the cell alters its shape and aligns spatially. The elongation index grows, the normalized y-center of mass decreases linearly, and forces such as drag, shear stress, and solid forces on the cell decrease as the gravitational force increases from 0g to 2g.
Conclusions: This study is the first to examine gravity’s effect on blood cells. The cell settles faster and moves along the vessel lining under hypergravity conditions. Drag, shear, and solid forces are higher under microgravity, contrary to what is observed in the static/stationary cells. Higher forces might alter cellular mechanotransduction.
Publication History
Article published online:
08 July 2024
© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India
*Corresponding author: (e-mail: rr.sarkar@ncl.res.in).
Abstract
Background: Human spaceflight has grown in popularity. Long-term stay in International Space Station induces physiological changes such as biofluid redistribution, cell count decrease, and cell inactivation. Immune and RBC flowing through hematic or lymphatic streams (biofluid) get affected, causing severe worry for future space missions. This study quantifies gravity’s effect on biofluid-suspended cells.
Materials and Methods: Biofluid and the cell are modeled using a mesoscale technique called dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). RBC with the fluid is simulated for 25 seconds. An external pressure gradient is applied along the x-axis, and the gravity is varied from 0g to 2g along the y-axis during the parametric sweep.
Results: RBCs transition from the usual biconcave shape to various configurations, depending upon its location within the given domain. Upon application of gravity, the cell alters its shape and aligns spatially. The elongation index grows, the normalized y-center of mass decreases linearly, and forces such as drag, shear stress, and solid forces on the cell decrease as the gravitational force increases from 0g to 2g.
Conclusions: This study is the first to examine gravity’s effect on blood cells. The cell settles faster and moves along the vessel lining under hypergravity conditions. Drag, shear, and solid forces are higher under microgravity, contrary to what is observed in the static/stationary cells. Higher forces might alter cellular mechanotransduction.
No conflict of interest has been declared by the author(s).
Publication History
Article published online:
08 July 2024
© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India